Ib tug loudspeaker, hais lus, los yog hais lus system yog ib qho electromechanical transducer uas converts ib tug hluav taws xob lub teeb liab. Lub sij hawm loudspeaker yuav xa mus rau ib tug neeg ntaus ntawv los yog tsav tsheb, thiab ib tug ua kom tiav system muaj ib tug enclosure corporating ib los yog ntau tshaj cov neeg tsav tsheb thiab ntxiv electronics.
Loudspeakers yog cov feem ntau kuj sib txawv thiab hais nyob rau hauv tej lub cev, thiab yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cim audible txawv ntawm lwm yam zoo tib yam suab systems. Loudspeaker kev kawm los yog cov neeg nyob rau hauv me nyuam ib lub teeb liab tsis muaj ntxiv distortion yog ho poorer dua cov lwm yam suab equipments.
Ib txhia tseem ceeb cov txiv neej uas ua keeb kwm
Ernst W. Siemens yog thawj los piav cov dynamic los yog tsiv kauj transducer, nrog ib tug yeej kauj hlau nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb thiab txhawb kom nws yuav tsiv mus nyob axially. Nws tau sau ntawv nws US patent daim ntawv thov rau ib tug Magneto fais Apparatus rau muab tus neeg kho tshuab zog ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob kauj los ntawm hluav taws xob currents kis tau los ntawm nws tau tso cai patent No.149797 nyob rau hnub tim 14, 1874.
Oliver Lodge ua ntaub ntawv rau British patent No.9712 rau Plaub Hlis Ntuj 27, 1898, rau ib tug paub loudspeaker nrog nonmagnetic taub txuas kom cov huab cua sib txawv nruab nrab lub puab thiab txheej tug ntawm ib tug tsiv kauj transducer. Qhov no yog tib lub xyoo nws thov ib tug patent rau nws nto moo xov tooj cua tuner.
Thomas Edison twb muab ib tug British patent thaum lub sij hawm 1881, rau ib tug system siv compressed cua raws li ib tug amplifying mechanism rau nws thaum ntxov lub tog raj kheej phonographs, tab sis nws kawg tswm rau lub me ntsis hlau horn uas tau tsav los ntawm ib tug nyias nyias uas txuas mus rau lub stylus.
Harold Arnold nyob ib ncig ntawm 1925 pib kev pab cuam ntawm Tswb no-piv los mus txhim kho phonographic suab txias. Lub xub yog tus hluav taws xob amplifier siv cov tshiab lub tshuab nqus tsev raj, thib ob yog cov microphone, thiab peb yog cov loudspeaker uas yuav txhim kho lub kuas armature units tsim rau cov pej xeem chaw nyob.
Tswb Laboratories nyob rau hauv 1931 tsim lub ob txoj kev loudspeakers, hu ua muab faib ntau ua tus qauv qhia los ntawm HA Frederick ntawm mas txiav cov ntaub ntawv. Lub siab frequencies raug hloov los ntawm ib tug me me horn nrog ib zaus teb ntawm 3000 mus 13,000 Hz, thiab cov uas tsis muaj frequencies los ntawm ib tug 12 nti dynamic lub khob hliav qab direct radiator tsev nrog ib tug zaus teb tsis pub dhau 5db los ntawm 50 mus rau li ntawm 10,000 leej Hz.
Yuav ua li cas lub loudspeakers siv mus ua hauj lwm
Tus thawj loudspeakers siv electromagnets vim hais tias loj, muaj hwj chim loj tas mus li hlau nplaum tsis muaj nyob rau ntawm cov nqi.
Cov kauj ntawm ib tug electromagnet, hu ua ib daim teb kauj, twb energized los ntawm tam sim no los ntawm ib tug thib ob khub ntawm kev sib txuas rau cov neeg tsav tsheb. Qhov no winding feem ntau tau txais kev pab ib tug dual lub luag hauj lwm, kuj kuj raws li ib tug caj pas kauj filtering lub hwj huam mov ntawm lub amplifier uas tus loudspeaker twb kev cob cog rua.
AC ripple nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no twb attenuated los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dhau los ntawm lub caj pas kauj. Txawm li cas los, AC kab frequencies tended modulate lub lub teeb liab muab xa mus rau lub suab kauj thiab ntxiv mus rau lub audible hum ntawm ib tug powered tuaj suab tu tub tu kiv ntaus ntawv.
Qhov zoo tshaj ntawm loudspeaker systems txog thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 1950 yog, los ntawm niaj hnub qauv, neeg pluag. Nruam uas nyob rau hauv enclosure tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv tau coj mus rau tus tseem ceeb audible kev txhim kho. Qhov tseem tseem ceeb kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv niaj hnub tham no kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv lub khob hliav qab cov ntaub ntawv, cov kev taw qhia ntawm ntau dua kub adhesives, paub tas mus li magnet cov ntaub ntawv, paub ntsuas kev kawm, computer los pab tsim qauv thiab finite caij tsom xam.
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